When completing environmental reviews of its projects and programs, FSA considers the effects of those projects or programs on a wide range of natural resources as well as areas of special concern such as effects on minority or low income populations. When completing its environmental reviews to comply with the requirements of NEPA, FSA also complies with the National Historic Preservation Act and the Endangered Species Act. For environmental assessments and environmental impact statements, FSA invites public participation.

Environmental Impact Statements (EISs) are the highest level of environmental review that is completed by FSA for a project or program. The size and type of FSA's projects at the local or regional level typically do not require the completion of an EIS. Most of the EISs completed by FSA occur at the national level for large programs and are considered a programmatic EIS.